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Over the years Russian cuisine has been shaped by a variety of influences. Russian food is a blend of influences from Slavic, Siberian, Caucasian, and Baltic culinary traditions. Just like in India, the vastness of the country has allowed for regional diversity in cooking methods and ingredients. Slavic traditions form the foundation of the cuisine here so the emphasis is on hearty dishes using grains, dairy, and root vegetables.
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Russian cuisine has also been influenced by neighbouring regions such as the Caucasus, where spices and flavours from Central Asia have contributed to dishes such as pilaf and shashlik. Baltic and Scandinavian influences brought seafood and preserved foods. Modern Russian cuisine continues to evolve with international influences, incorporating techniques and ingredients from around the globe while maintaining its distinctive identity.
In Central Russia the cuisine includes dishes that sustain through harsh winters, such as borscht, a beetroot soup known for its deep red colour and tangy flavour, often served with sour cream and fresh dill. Pelmeni, small dumplings filled with meat and served with butter or sour cream, are another favourite, cherished for their simplicity and satisfying taste.
Potatoes feature prominently in Russian meals, whether mashed, boiled, or fried, often accompanied by hearty stews or baked with cheese and herbs. Blini, thin pancakes made from buckwheat or wheat flour, are a versatile staple enjoyed with sweet or savoury toppings such as caviar, smoked salmon, or sour cream.
Desserts such as Medovik, a honey cake with creamy layers, and syrniki, sweet cheese pancakes, showcase Russian love for indulgent treats. Beverages like kvass, a fermented rye bread drink, and tea, are often served with jam and sweets. Here are some Soviet dishes that one must try.
Borscht
Borscht is a beetroot soup that stands out as one of Russia's most iconic dishes. While its origins are debated, it is an important part Russian cuisine. Borscht is typically made with beets, cabbage, potatoes, carrots, onions, and often includes meat, usually beef or pork. It can be served hot or cold, and it is traditionally garnished with a dollop of sour cream and fresh dill. The combination of sweet, sour, and savoury flavours makes borscht a uniquely satisfying soup.
Pelmeni
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These Russian dumplings consist of thin, unleavened dough filled with minced meat, usually a mix of pork, beef, or lamb. These dumplings are boiled and served with butter, sour cream, or in a broth. Pelmeni are a staple of Russian comfort food, especially made during the cold winter months. They can also be fried. The dish is believed to have come from Siberia, where they were traditionally prepared in large quantities and stored frozen to be preserved for the long, harsh winters.
Blini
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Blini are thin, crepe-like pancakes made from wheat or buckwheat flour. They hold a significant place in Russian culture and are often enjoyed during the Maslenitsa festival, which celebrates the end of winter. Blini can be savoury or sweet. Savoury options include fillings such as smoked salmon, caviar, or mushrooms, while sweet versions are often topped with honey, jam, or sweetened condensed milk. Their versatility makes them a favourite at any meal.
Beef Stroganoff
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Beef Stroganoff is a classic Russian dish that is popular all over the globe. It consists of tender strips of beef cooked in a creamy sauce made with sour cream, onions, and mushrooms. This rich, flavorful dish is usually served over egg noodles, rice, or mashed potatoes. Its origins date back to the 19th century, and it was named after the Stroganoff family, a wealthy Russian noble family.
Olivier Salad
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Also known as Russian salad, Olivier Salad is a festive favourite. It’s a hearty mix of diced boiled potatoes, carrots, peas, eggs, pickles, and meat, often bologna or ham, bound together with mayonnaise. This salad is a staple at Russian New Year’s Eve celebrations and other festive occasions. The dish was invented by a Belgian chef, Lucien Olivier, who worked in Moscow in the 1860s. It has been served in Indian restaurants for decades now.
Shchi
Shchi is a traditional Russian cabbage soup that can be made with fresh or sauerkraut (sour cabbage.) It includes ingredients such as potatoes, carrots, onions, and sometimes meat, usually beef or pork. Shchi has a distinctive tangy flavour, particularly when made with sauerkraut. It is typically served with a dollop of sour cream and a slice of rye bread, making it a comforting and nourishing meal.
Kasha
Kasha refers to various porridge-like dishes made from different grains, with buckwheat being the most common. Kasha is a traditional comfort food in Russia and can be served as a main dish, side dish, or even for breakfast. It can be made sweet with the addition of fruits and honey, or savoury with ingredients such as mushrooms and onions.
Pirozhki
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Pirozhki are small baked or fried buns stuffed with a variety of fillings such as meat, cabbage, potatoes, or mushrooms. They are a popular snack or street food in Russia, found in bakeries and markets across the country. Pirozhki are loved for their versatility and convenience, making them a perfect on-the-go meal.
Solyanka
Solyanka is a hearty and spicy soup made with a variety of meats (such as sausage, ham, and beef), pickles, olives, and a rich tomato base. It has a unique sour-salty flavour and is often garnished with lemon and sour cream. Solyanka is known for its robust taste and is a popular choice for those looking to enjoy a filling and flavourful meal.
