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Basil, or Tulsi as known in India, holds a revered spot in Indian households. It is not only a staple herb used in many Indian dishes—from curries to chutneys—but is also well-known for its therapeutic qualities. Basil is flexible in Indian cooking and fits both traditional and contemporary dishes. From enhancing tomato-based recipes to serving as the star in pesto, this herb is very indispensable in Indian kitchens.
With increasing urbanisation, growing plants in containers has become a popular solution for those living in tight spaces. Basil is a great plant for pots since it grows even in small spaces and restricted sunshine. For suburban and urban residents without garden space but still want fresh herbs right at hand, container gardening is a blessing. Growing basil in containers ensures a constant supply of fresh leaves and adds a touch of greenery to any balcony or windowsill.
How To Grow Basil Plants In Containers
Image credit: Freepik
Selecting the Right Container
When growing basil in containers, ensure the pot has proper drainage. Choose a container that is at least 20cm wide and has holes at the bottom. This will prevent waterlogging, a common cause of root rot in basil plants. Containers like window boxes or medium-sized pots work well. For optimal results, cover the drainage holes with coffee filters to keep the soil in while allowing water to escape.
Preparing The Soil
Basil thrives in well-draining, nutrient-rich soil. Use a good-quality potting mix enriched with compost or slow-release fertiliser. The soil should be light and fluffy to help the basil’s roots grow freely. Fill the container about three-quarters full with this potting mix to give your basil a healthy foundation.
Image credit: Openverse
Sowing Basil Seeds
Sow basil seeds directly into the container by broadcasting them evenly over the surface. Gently press the seeds into the soil and cover them with a thin layer of soil. Spritz the soil with a spray bottle to avoid washing away the seeds. Basil seeds sprout quickly, and you will see tiny leaves emerge within a week if kept moist and warm.
Watering The Basil
Basil needs consistent watering, especially when grown in containers. The soil should be kept moist but not waterlogged. Use a spray bottle to water daily while the seeds are sprouting. Once the plants have grown a bit, water them thoroughly, but ensure the excess drains out. It's best to water in the morning to avoid damp conditions overnight.
Image credit: Openverse
Providing Sunlight And Shade
Basil loves warmth and sunlight. Place your container in a spot that gets at least 4-6 hours of sunlight a day. However, avoid placing the plant under the scorching midday sun, as it can burn the tender leaves. Morning sun with afternoon shade is ideal for healthy growth.
Pruning And Harvesting
Pruning is essential to keep basil healthy and encourage more growth. Once the plant has three to five sets of leaves, start clipping the top leaves. This pruning stimulates the plant to branch out, leading to a bushier basil plant. Harvest leaves regularly by pinching off the tops rather than cutting whole stems. Removing flowers as they appear will delay the end of the growing season.
Image credit: Openverse
Feeding The Plant
Basil benefits from regular feeding. Use a balanced, water-soluble fertiliser once a month to promote lush, green growth. Avoid potassium-rich fertilisers, which encourage flowering and reduce leaf production. Over-fertilising can lead to less flavourful leaves, so keep feeding balanced and moderate.
Managing Pests And Diseases
While basil is relatively pest-resistant, slugs and snails may pose a problem, especially in outdoor containers. Use natural deterrents like crushed eggshells around the base of the plant to ward off these pests. Basil is also susceptible to fungal diseases, so avoid overhead watering and ensure good air circulation.
Propagating Basil From Cuttings
Propagation is a cost-effective way to multiply your basil plants. Take a non-flowering basil shoot, remove the lower leaves, and place it in a jar of water. Within a week, roots will develop, and the cutting can be planted into the soil. This is a quick method to expand your basil garden throughout the growing season.
Enjoying The Harvest
Harvest basil leaves as needed throughout the summer months. Always pick the topmost leaves to encourage growth. Fresh basil can be used in a variety of dishes, from salads to sauces. Basil flowers are also edible and add a mild flavour to dishes. For pesto or other large-batch recipes, harvest whole plants at once.
Growing basil in containers is a simple and rewarding way to have fresh herbs at hand. With minimal effort and space, basil thrives in urban environments and provides abundant leaves all summer long. Just follow these basic steps, and you’ll enjoy a fragrant, versatile herb that enhances your cooking and adds beauty to your home garden.
