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AS THE SUN DIPS BELOW the horizon during Ramzan, Muslims worldwide gather to observe iftar—the meal that concludes the daily fast. This sacred tradition, while rooted in common faith, manifests in diverse culinary and cultural practices across different regions. Embarking on a geographical journey, we explore how iftar is celebrated from the Middle East to Southeast Asia.
Middle East
In Egypt, the streets come alive with vibrant lanterns known as fanoos, symbolising unity and joy during Ramzan. The tradition of the midfa al iftar, or iftar cannon, marks the end of the day's fast with a resonant boom—a practice that dates back centuries. The meal often begins with dates and a sweet drink, followed by hearty dishes like ful medames (stewed fava beans) and molokhia (jute leaf stew).
South Asia
In Bangladesh, iftar is a festive affair featuring an array of savoury and sweet items. Streets and markets buzz with vendors selling piyaju (lentil fritters), beguni (battered eggplant slices), and jalebi (sweet pretzel-shaped fritters). The communal aspect is paramount, with families and neighbours often sharing their meals.
Southeast Asia
Indonesia's iftar, locally termed buka puasa, is marked by the consumption of sweet delicacies like kolak—a dessert made from coconut milk, palm sugar, and bananas. Markets brim with vendors offering a variety of snacks and drinks unique to the season. The sound of the traditional beduk drum signals the time to break the fast, fostering a communal spirit as people gather to share their meals.
Central Asia
In Uzbekistan, the iftar table is adorned with patir—a crispy, buttery bread baked in traditional tandoor ovens. This bread accompanies dishes like plov (a rice and meat pilaf) and shurpa (meat and vegetable soup), reflecting the region's rich culinary heritage.
North Africa
Morocco's iftar often begins with harira, a fragrant soup made of tomatoes, lentils, and chickpeas, symbolising warmth and comfort. This is typically accompanied by chebakia (sesame cookies) and dates, embodying the sweet start to the meal.
These diverse iftar traditions underscore the rich tapestry of cultural expressions within the global Muslim community. Despite geographical distances, the shared values of reflection, gratitude, and community during Ramzan unite Muslims around the world.
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Moroccan Harira (Lentil & Chickpea Soup) Recipe
INGREDIENTS
2 tbsp olive oil
1 onion, finely chopped
2 cloves garlic, minced
2 tomatoes, blended into a purée
1 tbsp tomato paste
½ cup lentils (red or brown), rinsed
1 can (400g) chickpeas, drained
1 tsp ground turmeric
1 tsp ground cumin
1 tsp ground cinnamon
1 tsp ground ginger
½ tsp black pepper
1.5 litres vegetable or chicken stock
2 tbsp chopped fresh coriander
2 tbsp chopped fresh parsley
1 tbsp lemon juice
Salt to taste
INSTRUCTIONS
— Heat olive oil in a large pot over medium heat. Add the onion and garlic, sauté until softened.
— Stir in the tomato purée, tomato paste, turmeric, cumin, cinnamon, ginger, and black pepper. Cook for 2-3 minutes until fragrant.
— Add the lentils and stock. Bring to a boil, then reduce heat and let simmer for about 20-25 minutes.
— Stir in the chickpeas and continue cooking for another 10 minutes until the lentils are tender.
— Add chopped coriander, parsley, and lemon juice. Adjust seasoning with salt.
— Traditionally enjoyed with dates and a slice of crusty Moroccan bread.
